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atalanta
Background
Due to the significant deterioration of maritime safety by piracy, in early 2008, the international community took a number of actions to ensure maritime traffic in the Horn of Africa.
The UN Security Council (UNSC) issued Resolutions 1814/2008, 1816/2008, 1838/2008, 1846/2008 and 1851/2008 and 1897/2009, in which participated actively developing our representation to the UN in New York.
The NATO , the EU and the coalition of Combined Maritime Forces (CMF), led by the United States, international missions deployed to combat piracy.
Other countries such as Russia, China, Malaysia, India, Japan, Australia, Iran, Turkey, Indonesia, Malaysia and Saudi Arabia, decided to act unilaterally sending air and naval military resources to the area.
The November 10, 2008, the EU Council adopted Joint Action 851 authorizing, in support of Resolutions 1814, 1816 and 1838 of the Security Council of the UN, the realization of the Atalanta to combat piracy Somali waters.
On December 8, 2008, the EU Council adopted Decision 918, authorizing, on that date, launching Atalanta to contribute to the protection of vessels of the World Food Programme carrying humanitarian aid to Somalia.
Operation Atalanta is also authorized to the deterrence, prevention and combating piracy and armed robbery taking place off the coast of Somalia.
This mission is the first EU maritime operation is performed in the framework of the European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP).
The kidnapping, in April 2008, the trawler 'Bakio beach', showed that the problem of piracy in Somalia was not only a threat to international maritime safety, but also for national interests in the area, represented fishing by the Spanish tuna fleet in the Indian Ocean.
Consequently, the Council of Ministers ordered the mission by agreement of January 23, 2009, whereby Spain would help Atalanta a maximum contingent consisting of two ships, maritime patrol aircraft and up to 395 troops.
In 2009 also established the new tasks of Atalanta as help monitor fishing activities off Somalia to cooperate with organizations and states fighting piracy (especially with the Combined Task Force 150) and assist when develop Somalia's maritime capacity, the authorities of that country by providing data on fishing activity.
Spain participates in the operation of the European Union since January 2009, and with France are the biggest contributors to it, two ships in the inter-monsoon periods and one in the monsoonal and maritime patrol aircraft based permanently detachment of Djibouti.
So far participated in the mission frigates' Victoria ',' Numancia ',' Islands', 'Navarra', 'Santa Maria', 'Méndez Núñez' and 'Reina Sofia', troopers ocean 'Winner', 'Infanta Cristina 'e' Infanta Elena 'and the tanker fleet' Marqués de la Ensenada '. Just as the amphibious assault ship 'Galicia' and 'Castilla', the combat supply ship 'Patiño' and maritime action ships 'Lightning', 'Lightning' and 'Meteor'.
According to Security Council Resolution 2077/2012, dated November 21, was extended for a period of twelve months, the provisions of Resolution 1897/2009 concerning authorizations for the fight against piracy in the waters off the coast of Somalia.
Similarly, the European Union Council extended the mandate of Operation Atalanta until December 2014.
Current situation and position
Our position and participation responds to our national interests in the area (fishing) and engagement with the international community on security.
As of February 2013 were present in the national interest 27 fishing and the number of hijacked ships was reduced to four, with a total of 108 hostages.
It should be noted that since early December 2012 and for a period of four months Spain has taken Force Command (one Admiral of the Navy), for the fourth time since the start of the mission.
Spain supports the use of private security on board vessels operating in these waters, for which the Ministry of Defence assists in the training of private security officers responsible for providing security service on vessels flying the Spanish flag and logistic support in transporting essential materials used in its service.
Reality shows us that through the implementation of BMPs (Best Management Practices), the use of private security teams on board and at the beginning of actions on the settlements of the pirates on land, the number of pirate attacks significantly reduced, even prior to 2009 numbers, as demonstrated by the latest report by the IMB for the year 2012.
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